12
« on: September 08, 2006, 02:51:57 AM »
It is flammable, but what kind of residue will it leave?
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH GUIDELINE FOR TURPENTINE
INTRODUCTION
This guideline summarizes pertinent information about turpentine for workers and employers as well as for physicians, industrial hygienists, and other occupational safety and health professionals who may need such information to conduct effective occupational safety and health programs. Recommendations may be superseded by new developments in these fields; readers are therefore advised to regard these recommendations as general guidelines and to determine periodically whether new information is available.
SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION
* Formula
C(10)H(16) (approximate formula); turpentine has a minimum alpha-pinene content of 40 percent by weight
* Structure
(For Structure, see paper copy)
* Synonyms
Gum spirits, turps, gum thus, D.D. turpentine, wood turpentine, oil of turpentine, rectified turpentine oil, spirits of turpentine, sulfate wood turpentine, sulfate turpentine, gum turpentine, steam-distilled turpentine.
* Identifiers
1. CAS 8006-64-2.
2. RTECS YO8400000.
3. DOT UN: 1299 27.
4. DOT label: None if gum spirits; Flammable Liquid if wood spirits.
* Appearance and odor
Turpentine is a volatile mixture of hydrocarbon isomers obtained either from pine gum or pine wood. Gum turpentine is a yellowish, sticky, opaque, combustible material; the wood distillate (oil of turpentine) is a flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
* Physical data (properties vary with the specific product)
1. Molecular weight: Approximately 136.
2. Boiling point (760 torr): 150 to 180 degrees C (302 to 356 degrees F).
3. Specific gravity (water = 1): 0.86 to 0.90 at 15 degrees C (59 degrees F).
4. Vapor density (air = 1 at boiling point of turpentine): 4.6 to 4.8.
5. Melting point: -50 to -60 degrees C (-58 to -76 degrees F).
6. Vapor pressure at 20 degrees C (68 degrees F): 5 torr.
7. Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and glacial acetic acid.
8. Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1): Below 1.0.
* Reactivity
1. Conditions contributing to instability: Heat, exposure to air in a confined space, and sources of ignition.
2. Incompatibilities: Contact of turpentine with oxidation catalysts or with strong oxidizing agents (especially chlorine) may cause fires and explosions.
3. Hazardous decomposition products: Toxic gases and vapors (such as carbon monoxide and the partial oxidation products of terpenes) may be released in a fire involving turpentine.
4. Special precautions: Turpentine attacks some coatings and some forms of plastic and rubber.
* Flammability
The National Fire Protection Association has assigned a flammability rating of 3 (severe fire hazard) to turpentine.
1. Flash point: 35 degrees C (95 degrees F) (closed cup).
2. Autoignition temperature: 253 degrees C (488 degrees F).
3. Flammable limits in air (percent by volume): Lower, 0.8; upper, Data not available.
4. Extinguishant: Use water fog, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide to fight fires involving turpentine. A water spray may be ineffective, but it may be used to cool fire-exposed containers. If a leak or spill has not ignited, water spray also may be used to disperse vapors and to protect persons attempting to stop the leak.
Fires involving turpentine should be fought upwind and from the maximum distance possible. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Emergency personnel should stay out of low areas and ventilate closed spaces before entering. Vapor explosion and poison hazards may occur indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Containers of turpentine may explode in the heat of the fire and should be moved from the fire area if it is possible to do so safely. If this is not possible, cool containers from the sides with water until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of containers. Personnel should withdraw immediately if a rising sound from a venting safety device is heard or if there is discoloration of a container due to fire. Dikes should be used to contain fire-control water for later disposal. If a tank car or truck is involved in a fire, personnel should isolate an area of a half a mile in all directions. Firefighters should wear a full set of protective clothing, including a self-contained breathing apparatus, when fighting fires involving turpentine. Firefighters' protective clothing may provide limited protection against fires involving turpentine.
* Warning properties
The odor threshold for turpentine is 200 parts per million (ppm) parts of air. Because this value is above the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) current permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 100 ppm [29 CFR 1910.1000, Table Z-1-A], turpentine is considered to have inadequate warning properties.
* Eye irritation properties
The eye irritation threshold for turpentine is 175 ppm.
Show Posts
